Contrary to the other substances covered here, penetrating oils are not designed for longlasting. Changes with temperature, decreasing temperature increases viscosity. Lubricants and its properties free download as powerpoint presentation. This portal is an active businesstobusiness website for all lubricant suppliers and their products like lubricants. High viscosity implies a high resistance to flow while a low viscosity indicates a low resistance to flow.
Viscosity the viscosity of an oil is a measure of the oils resistance to shear. With each test description there is a note on any relevant additives or classification systems. Automotive lubricants reference book second edition list of chapters chapter 1introduction and fundamentals 1. The proper selection and application of lubricants will hopefully be made simpler if a little of the basic theory is understood. Lubricant properties whenever an object moves against another object, friction will be present, turning kinetic energy into heat and causing equipment to wear. Using lubricants helps to reduce this friction, allowing more work to be done for the same amount of energy input, lowering the temperatures of the materials in contact, and greatly extending the lifespan of the moving equipment. Viscosity is more commonly known as resistance to flow. It is the resistance offered by liquid towards its flow. A one day foundation course providing an overview of lubricants and the lubricant sector. Requirements and characteristics of lubricants eni.
It may also have the function of transmitting forces, transporting foreign particles, or heating or cooling the surfaces. Typical lubricants often consist of 90% base oil usually petroleum fractions called mineral oils and 10% or fewer additives. Introduction the term tribology has been used for 18 years to refer to the branch of engineering that deals with friction, wear, and lubrication. These can constitute anywhere from 3 to 30% of crude. In this section you can find 6 lubricant suppliers in africa registered on our portal. The companies are divided into suppliers for lubricant additives, lubricating greases, lubricating oils, lubricating. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Meaning of lubrication friction is created when there is. Mohammed chemical and petrochemical engineering department, university of anbar, iraq.
Basics of lubricants lubrication free download as powerpoint presentation. The right factoryapplied lubrication outstanding corrosion protection very good wear resistance properties special foodgrade lubricants, high and lowtemperature lubricants the right relubrication all oils and greases used by rexnord. Lubricants are a combination of the base oil and the additives and the specific combination depends on the properties of both. Act as a cooling fluid removing the heat produced by friction or from external sources remain adequately stable in order to guarantee constant behaviour over the forecasted useful life protect surfaces from the attack of aggressive. They are the lubricants that are prepared in laboratory. Lubricating grease is a semi solid, consisting of a soap dispersed throughout liquid lubricating oil. Boundary lubrication and lubricants seiichro hironaka school of engineering, tokyo institute of technology 1. Instead, they are lowviscosity oils with additives that are specifically designed. A lubricant is a substance, usually organic, introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move.
The greases were all produced in the same reactor under similar conditions. We bring companies worldwide together and give them opportunities to increase their international business. Nov 25, 2011 properties of lubricants viscosity viscosity index flash point fire point cloud point pour point thankz to a. A study of enhancement of the properties of lubricant oil. However, this response of viscosity to temperature changes is more pronounced in some liquids than in others. Lubricants may contain polar additives known as friction modifiers that chemically bind to metal surfaces to reduce surface friction even when there is insufficient bulk lubricant present for hydrodynamic lubrication, e. Lubricants are regulated internationally and locally, e.
Angel ezhilarasi mam chemistry department thankz to all my friends. The requirements that lubricants need to satisfy generally consist of the following. Gives thorough information on science of lubrication technology. Pdf tribological properties of the lubricant containing. Grease properties are determined by a type of oil mineral, synthetic, vegetable, animal fat, type of soap lithium, sodium, calcium, etc. Physical properties of lubricants valvoline technical services page 1 following are the important properties of a lubricant.
An introduction to lubricants basic lubrication principles this article serves to be a practical guide to lubricants and lubrication. Based on its physical states, you can classify lubricants as. Since the 1930s, oils and other petroleumbased lubricants have been widely used in. The aim of this study is to make enhancements on the lubricant oil properties because of its importance in the.
Lubricating oils reduce friction and wear between two movingsliding metallic surfaces by. Keep surfaces separate under all loads, temperatures and speeds, thus minimising friction and wear. Such products contain no less than 3 5 different components, and there can sometimes be 8 10 components. Lubricants in metalworking play an essential role in controlling the quality of the final product. The contact angle among all mql fluids ranged from 8.
Any shadetree mechanic would agree that these types of lubricants deserve their own special section. Additives used to keep internal surfaces clean from contaminants. A study of enhancement of the properties of lubricant oil ahmed n. Oils that operate over a wide temperature range need vi improvers. Electronic pdf the global lubricants marke t size is projected to reach usd 166 billion by 2025, according to a new report by grand view research, inc. Types of lubricants lm systems mainly use grease or sliding surface oil for their lubricants. Physical properties of oil viscosity the viscosity of an oil is a measure of the oils resistance to shear. Solid lubricants solid phase often placed in between bearing surfaces undergo more shear than. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce frictional force and heat generation between the surfaces in mutual contact, when the surfaces move. Lubricants general principles of lubrication high performance from rexnord. Introduction to properties and performance is a comprehensive reference for industry practitioners tribologists, lubricant technicians, and lubricant chemists, etc and is also an excellent source of information for graduate and undergraduate students. Lubricants and lubrication from the well to the applications. Turbine oils need good demulsibility while wheel bearing greases need emulsibility. Group 3 nishanth n nikhil ps harikrishnan k krishnadev u abdul basith pa 2.
Mnl59 astm international 100 barr harbor drive po box c700 west conshohocken, pa 194282959 printed in the u. The main requirements for lubricants are that they are able to. This process of introducing lubricant is called lubrication. Each grease was characterized by wt% thickener, unworked penetration, worked penetration 60x and 10,000x. Requirements and characteristics of lubricants the main requirements for lubricants are that they are able to. It is measured at specific temperature by hydrometer or automatic density meter. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The right factoryapplied lubrication outstanding corrosion protection very good wear resistance properties special foodgrade lubricants. Environment in water, soil without yielding harmful substances by action of micro organism and also act as lubricants. Different approaches have been researched to improve the performance of metalworking fluids. They are much better than ordinary lubricants because they can work under extreme conditions. A good lubricating oil generally possess the following characteristics. Regulation covers the physical, chemical and toxicological description of lubricants including safety guide lines and others. Rapidly growing sales of automobiles, primarily in countries such as india, china, u.
To extend the life of your equipment and ease the cost of maintenance and repairs, atlas has partnered with total specialties usa, inc. Penetrating lubricants are the saviors of many stuckbolt combatants, loosening years of rust and debris in minutes. Synthetic liquids or vegetable oils are sometimes used as base oils as well. This chapter outlines the main types of lubricants and covers some of the more important lubricant properties and tests, finishing with engine tests. Well email you at these times to remind you to study. Density density is fundamental physical property of oil. Beyond reducing friction between moving surfaces, lubricants also serve to transport foreign particles and distribute heat. At the moment we have 10266 suppliers from more the 100 countries worldwide. Greases are prepared by saponification of fat such as tallow or fatty. This portal is an active b2b website for all lubricant suppliers and their products like lubricants.
Detergents may have a limited abilty to clean existing system deposits. They are undesirable because burning results in soot. Pdf properties of lubricants and lubrication hanif. Physical properties of lubricants valvolinecummins. Detergents are designed to coat internal surfaces of components during normal expected operation to prevent deposits from forming. Physical properties of lubricants valvoline technical services page 2. When one surface moves over another, there is always some resistance. Viscosity index liquids have a tendency to thin out when heated and to thicken when cooled. Contrary to the other substances covered here, penetrating oils are not designed for longlasting lubrication. The liquid lubricant may be petroleum oil or even synthetic oil and it may contain any of the additives for specific requirements. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. Click here to purchase online table of contents executive summary market environment.
Modern commercial oils and lubricating greases are primarily multicomponent disperse systems. Properties of good lubricants a lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which reduces the heat generated. Tribology is defined as the science and technology of interacting surfaces. Act as a cooling fluid removing the heat produced by friction or from external sources.
Lubricants can be broadly classified, on the basis of their physical state, as follows. Since the wettability is usually directly related to the surface tension c. Properties of lubricants viscosity viscosity index flash point fire point cloud point pour point thankz to a. Pro1one lubricants proven business ethics, exceptional technical pro. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which reduces the heat generated. Act as a cooling fluid removing the heat produced by friction or from external sources remain adequately stable in order to guarantee constant behaviour over the forecasted useful life. Since the 1930s, oils and other petroleumbased lubricants have been widely used in industry. The viscosity of oil should not change with rise in temperature. Characteristics of crude oil the hydrocarbons in crude oil can generally be divided into four categories. Considers applications of lubricants in hydraulics, gears and combustion engines. Fundamentals of lubricants and lubrication intechopen. Lubrication properties technology transfer services.
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